What Is a Brain Infection?
A brain infection happens when harmful germs invade the brain or surrounding tissues. It can take forms like meningitis (membrane infection), encephalitis (brain inflammation), transverse myelitis (spinal cord inflammation), or cerebral abscess (pus build-up). All need timely diagnosis to protect brain health.
Types of Brain Infections
Viral Brain Infection
Caused by viruses such as herpes simplex, enteroviruses, or mosquito-borne viruses.
Bacterial Brain Infection
Bacteria may spread from sinus/ear infections, the bloodstream, or injury. Serious forms include bacterial meningitis and cerebral abscess.
Fungal Brain Infection
Usually affects people with a weak immune system; needs long-term antifungal treatment.
Nerve Pathway Infections
Germs can travel along nerves, causing inflammation and related nerve symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Severe headache unrelieved by normal painkillers
- High fever
- Stiff neck, especially when bending forward
- Drowsiness or confusion
- Nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity
- Seizures, weakness, speech or movement issues
Seek immediate medical advice if symptoms appear suddenly or worsen quickly.